Nanocatalyzed Hydrogen Isotope Exchange

ConspectusRecently, hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) reactions have experienced impressive development due to the growing importance of containing compounds in various fields including materials and life sciences, addition their classical use for mechanistic studies chemistry biology. Tritium-labeled are also crucial interest study vivo fate a bioactive substance or radioligand binding assays. Over past few years, deuterium-labeled drugs been extensively studied improvement ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) properties existing molecules as consequence primary kinetic effect. Furthermore, emergent “omic” fields, need new stable isotopically labeled internal standards (SILS) quantitative GC- LC-MS analyses is increasing. Because numerous applications, powerful synthetic methods access deuterated tritiated with either high incorporation and/or selectivities paramount importance.HIE allow late-stage isotopes single step, thus representing an advantageous alternative conventional multistep synthesis approaches which time- resource-consuming. Moreover, HIE can be considered most fundamental C–H functionalization processes therefore great chemists’ community. Depending on purpose, must highly regioselective maximal isotopes, sometimes both. In this context, metal-catalyzed generally performed using homogeneous heterogeneous catalysis may considerable drawbacks insufficient lack chemo- regioselectivity, respectively.Over 6 we shown that nanocatalysis tool complex (e.g., pharmaceuticals, peptides oligonucleotides) via regio- chemoselective even enantiospecific labeling occurring at surface metallic nanoclusters (Ru Ir). Numerous heterocyclic (both saturated unsaturated) acyclic scaffolds functional group tolerance, molar activity obtained. An insight into mechanisms has provided by theoretical calculations explain regioselectivities incorporation. Our suggested undisclosed key intermediates, 4- 5-membered dimetallacycles, account particular observed during process, contrast 5- 6-membered metallacycle intermediates usually encountered catalysis. These findings together important number available coordination sites compelling reactivity metal nanoparticles, between They represent innovative tools combining advantages both isotopic activation bonds molecules.